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In the previous shiur, we learned the gemara on Daf 16a down to the 8^th wide line towards the bottom of the page (although we did not read the four lines starting with the 3^rd wide line containing Rav Hisda’s 2^nd statement about the verse from Sefer Melachim). It included the various tannaitic positions on the frequency of Divine judgment. We also discussed the amoraic explanations of this in the gemara. The last piece of gemara brought the question of how we can pray throughout the year if judgment takes place at a particular time only, and there were two explanations of this offered by the gemara. Please review all of this material and try to read it out of the gemara on your own as part of your review. I will be happy to answer any questions at the beginning of this shiur.

Because of a technical glitch related to connectivity problems with Webex, we lost some of the time of the shiur and we did not get to read the important Tosafot on the latter issue mentioned above. So we will begin this shiur with that Tosafot.

In this shiur, after we learn the Tosafot we will continue in the gemara to learn another beraita and amoraic explanations having to do with the mitzvah of shofar and its connection to the essence of Rosh Hashana. Time allowing, we will also learn the well-known meimra (on Daf 16b) about the three books that are open on Rosh Hashana.

In the previous shiur, we finished the gemara on Daf 18a, which explains the words of the mishna regarding the scope of the judgment of Rosh Hashana. After that we began the gemara on Daf 16a, which discussed how many judgment times there are for grain crops and attempted to relate events in our lives to specific judgment days. This took us up to the 11^th line of gemara on the page. We also read the words of the Ran ( ר"ן) explaining the relationship between the universal occasions of judgment and the individual judgment of Rosh Hashana. (I am posting the page with the Ran here for you to review.) Please review this material and see if you can read it inside the gemara text by yourself. I am happy to answer any questions you may have at the beginning of this shiur, or if you prefer you can write me an email.

In this shiur, we will learn the next segment of gemara, which brings the full range of Tannaitic positions on when and how often we are judged by G-d (the Mishna we have learned is not the only opinion..). The gemara seeks to know the ramifications of these different positions, and we will learn an interesting explanation of Tosefot on this question that is found on the page.

In the previous shiur, we learned and discussed the first two mishnayot of Masechet Rosh Hashana, then we discussed the overall contents of the Masechet and how they relate to these two mishnayot. Following that, we learned the portion of the gemara (on Daf 18a) that brings the different explanations of the term “בני מרון” used in the second mishna (which is from now our focus), with the help of Rashi’s commentary.   I will be happy to answer any questions you may have about all of the above at the beginning of this shiur, or offline by email. (My email address is zurielyb@yahoo.com .)

In this shiur, we will finish the final lines of gemara on Daf 18a that explain the statement in the mishna about the judgment of Rosh Hashana. We will then move back to Daf 16a and begin learning the gemara’s sugya on this entire mishna (משנה ב'). The first segment of gemara is an attempt to clarify the nature and mechanics of the judgment that, according to the mishna, takes place on Pesach and the other holidays. We will then learn the words of the  ר"ן , where he explains his view of the relationship and interaction between the judgments of the three holidays and the individual judgment of Rosh Hashana.